Quality assessment and comparative study of somatic cell fluctuation at different lactation stages of buffalo's milk

Samreen Rana; Aneesa Sohail; Salman Saeed; Misbah Mushtaq; Mubasher Hassan; Abdul Ahad; Syed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi

doi:10.56825/bufbu.2023.4243937

Authors

Samreen Rana Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Aneesa Sohail Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Salman Saeed Food and Biotechnology Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Lahore, Pakistan
Misbah Mushtaq Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Mubasher Hassan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
Abdul Ahad Food and Biotechnology Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Lahore, Pakistan
Syed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2023.4243937

Keywords:

Bubalus bubalis, buffaloes, Raw buffalo milk, Somatic cell count (SCC), Hemocytometer (Neubauer chamber), lactation stages

Abstract

The aim of current study is to check the health status and the quality of milk by counting somatic cells. Total 50 samples of fresh raw buffalo milk were gathered and divided into five groups on the basis of lactation stages i.e early, mid, late, buffalo at parturition and post parturition (colostrum). Fresh samples were collected and assessed with quality assessment test i.e. pH analysis, lactometer reading test, clots on boiling (COB), alcohol precipitate test (APT) and acidity % age test and the somatic cell count (SCC) through Neubauer chamber under light microscope. Data were evaluated by the stage of lactation with the SPSS programme. The total mean values of pH, Lr and acidity % at each lactation stages were (±6.96, ±31 and ±0.19). Significant effect of SCC on different stages were observed (P<0.05). The average SCC was determined to be 10.1000±5.8121 cells/ml. The effects lactation stages on the SCC value between group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean SCC values for early, mid, late, parturition and post parturition stages were (±6.4750, ±5.7500, ±10.8750, ±16.2750 and ±11.1250). The significant differences recognized between the groups indicates that there is a fluctuation of somatic cells at different lactation stages. The number of somatic cells increase from early stage, then decrease gradually in mid stage and starts increasing till the end of lactation and have no significant difference (P<0.05), whereas the mean comparison is highly significant in parturition and colostrum stage.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Alhussien, M.N. and A.K. Dang. 2018. Milk somatic cells, factors influencing their release, future prospects, and practical utility in dairy animals: An overview, Vet. World, 11(5): 562-577. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.562-577

Aysar, A., A.A. Abd and A.I. Abdul. 2013. Study of somatic cell count in milk of pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes. Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 6(1): 1999-6527. Available on: https://www.iasj.net/iasj/download/05a681dc4c3bfbac

Barkema, H.W., H.A. Delayer, Y.H. Shchukin and T.J.G.M. Lam. 1999. Quarter-milk somatic cell count at calving and at the first six milkings after calving. Prev. Vet. Med., 38(1): 1-9. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-5877(98)00142-1

Bilal, M.O. and A. Ahmad. 2004. Dairy Hygiene and Disease Prevention, Usman and Bilal Printing Linkers, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Charjan-Ku, P.Y., N.S. Mangle, D.R. Kalorey and S.V. Kuralkar. 2000. Changes in milk pH and the levels of Na and K in whey associated with udder health status of cow. Indian Veterinary Association, 77(12): 1066-1068.

Dang, A.K., S. Kapila, P. Tomar and C. Singh. 2007. Immunity of the buffalo mammary gland during different physiological stages. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 20(8): 1174-1181. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2007.1174

De, K., J. Mukherjee, P. Prasad and A.K. Dang. 2010. Effect of different physiological stages and managemental practices on milk somatic cell counts of Murrah buffaloes, p. 549-551. In Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, Buenos Aires, Haryana, India

Dhakal, I.P. 2006. Normal somatic cell count and subclinical mastitis in Murrah buffaloes. J. Vet. Med. B., 53(2): 81-86. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.00918.x

Dulin, A.M., M.J. Paape, W.D. Schultze and B.T. Weinland. 1981. Effect of parity, stage of lactation, and intramammary infection on concentration of somatic cells and cytoplasmic particles in goat milk. J. Dairy Sci., 66(11): 2426-2433. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)82101-8

Fagiolo, A. and O. Lai. 2007. Mastitis in buffalo. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 6(2): 200-206. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.200

FAOSTAT. 2010. Composition and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Buffalo Milk with Particular Emphasis on Lipids, Proteins, Minerals, Enzymes and Vitamins, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Haggag, H.F., L.F. Hamzawi, G.A. Mahran and M.M. Ali. 1991. Physico-chemical properties of colostrum and clinical and subclinical mastitic buffalo milk. Egyptian Journal of Dairy Science, 19(1): 55-63.

Hamann, J., O. Lind and B.K. Bansal. 2010. Determination of on-farm direct cell count and biochemical composition of milk in buffaloes, p. 552-553. In Proceedings 9th World Buffalo Congress, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Hill, A.W., A.L. Shears and K.G. Hibbitt. 1979. The pathogenesis of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis in newly calved dairy cows. Res. Vet. Sci., 26(1): 97. DOI: 10.1016/S0034-5288(20)30950-4

Horvath, G.A., H. Mohammed, J. Varga, G. Szemeredi and L. Quarini. 1980. Effect of subclinical mastitis on milk composition. Magy Allatorvosok Lapja, 35(9): 615-619.

Ishwari, P.D. and N. Hajime. 2018. Evaluation of mastitis related measures and their application to classify buffalo milk in Chitwan, Nepal. J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 8: 99-111. DOI: 10.17265/2161-6256/2018.02.006

Javaid, S.B., J.A. Gadahi, M. Khaskeli, M.B. Bhutto, S. Kumbher and A.H. Panhwar. 2009. Physical and chemical quality of market milk sold at Tandojam, Pakistan. Pak. Vet. J., 29(1): 27-31.

Jensen, D.L. and R.J. Eberhart. 1981. Total and differential cell counts in secretions of the nonlactating bovine mammary gland. Am. J. Vet. Res., 42(5): 743-747.

Lakshmi, K., K. Rajesh, K. Suresh, K. Satheesh and N. Syama. 2009. Buffalo mastitis risk factors. Buffalo Bull., 28(3): 135-137. Available on: https://kukrdb.lib.ku.ac.th/journal/BuffaloBulletin/search_detail/result/286231

Marshall, R.T. 1992. Standard Methods for the Determination of Dairy Products, 16th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, USA.

Meglia, G.E., A. Johannisson, S. Agenäs, K. Holtenius and K.P. Waller. 2001. Effects of feeding intensity during the dry period on leukocyte and lymphocyte sub-populations, neutrophil function and health in periparturient dairy cows. Vet. J., 169(3): 376-384. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.02.003

Pillai, S.R., E. Kunze, L.M. Sordillo and B.M. Jayarao. 2001. Application of differential inflammatory cell count as a tool to monitor udder health. J. Dairy Sci., 84(6): 1413-1420. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70173-7

Sahin, A., Y. Arda and U. Zafer. 2016. Effect of various environmental factors and management practices on somatic cell count in the raw milk of Anatolian buffaloes. Pak. J. Zool., 48(2): 325-332.

Saini, V., J.T. McClure, D.T. Scholl, T.J. DeVries and H.W. Barkema. 2012. Herd-level association between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in bovine mastitis Staphylococcus aureus isolates on Canadian dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci., 95(4): 1921-1929. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-5065

Schalm, O.W., E.J. Carroll and N.C. Jain. 1971. Bovine Mastitis. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA. 360p.

Sharma, N., N.K. Singh and M.S. Bhadwal. 2011. Relationship of somatic cell count and mastitis: An overview. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 24(3): 429-438. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.10233

Silva, I.D., K.F.S.T. Silva, A.P.N. Amboyala, R. Cooray, B.M.A.O. Perera, J.D.S. Siriwardene, N.U. Horadagoda and M.N.M. Ibrahim. 1995. Role of buffalo in rural development in Asia, p. 403-414. In Proceedings of Regional Symposium, Perudenia, Sri Lanka Xaresa Press, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Singh, M. and R.S. Ludri. 2001. Somatic cell counts in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during different stages of lactation, parity and season. J. Anim. Sci., 14(2): 189-192. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2001.189

Subedi, K. and I.P. Dhakal. 2002. Clinical mastitis in different breeds of cattle and buffaloes at Chitwan, Nepal. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 23: 65-69.

Thomas, C.S. 2004. Milking management of dairy buffaloes. Doctoral Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala, Roma, Italy.

Tripaldi, C., G. Palocci, M. Miarelli, M. Catta, S. Orlandini, S. Amatiste, R.D. Bernardini and G. Catillo. 2010. Effects of mastitis on buffalo milk quality. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 23(10): 1319-1324. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90618

Tripaldi, C., S. Terramoccia, S. Bartocci, M. Angelucci and V. Danese. 2003. The effects of the somatic cell count on yield, composition and coagulation properties of Mediterranean buffalo Milk. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 16(5): 738-742. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2003.738

Vliegher, S., L.K. Fox, S. Piepers, S. McDougall and H.W. Barkema. 2012. Invited review: Mastitis in dairy heifers: Nature of the disease, potential impact, prevention, and control. J. Dairy Sci., 95(3): 1025-1040. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4074

Yrabbi, H., A. Mortazavi, M. Mehraban and N. Sepehri. 2014. Effect of somatic cells on the physic-chemical and microbial properties of raw milk in different seasons. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental, 4: 289-298.