INFLUENCE OF THE DURATION OF CIDR PLACEMENT IN CIDR-PGF2α PROTOCOL FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANESTRUS IN WATER BUFFALO DURING LOW BREEDING SEASON

Gokarna Gautam; Bikalpa Karki; Bhuminand Devkota; Anjay Kumar Sah

doi:10.56825/bufbu.2025.4446208

Authors

Gokarna Gautam Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Bikalpa Karki National Trust for Nature Conservation, Sauraha, Chitwan, Nepal
Bhuminand Devkota Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Anjay Kumar Sah National Swine Research Program, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2025.4446208

Keywords:

Bubalus bubalis, buffaloes, low breeding season, estrus induction, ovulation, pregnancy, corpus luteum

Abstract

This study compared the effectiveness of CIDR (Controlled Internal Drug Release)-PGF2α protocol in terms of the duration of CIDR placement for the treatment of anestrus in buffaloes during low breeding season. Anestrous Murrah-cross buffaloes were randomly assigned to two Treatment groups. In Group 1 (T1, n = 15), a CIDR was inserted intravaginally for 7 days, while in Group 2 (T2, n = 15), the CIDR was inserted for 9 days. Each buffalo in both groups received an injection of a PGF2α analogue, cloprostenol (500 μg), 24 h before CIDR removal. Artificial insemination (AI) was performed twice, at 60 and 72 h after CIDR removal. Ovarian cyclicity status during CIDR insertion and the size of the corpus luteum (CL) on 7th day after AI were assessed using transrectal ultrasonography. Body condition score (BCS), endoparasitic infection, anemic score, suckling status and lactation stage were recorded. Pregnancy was diagnosed two months after AI. No significant differences were found between two Treatment groups regarding estrus induction, ovulation and pregnancy outcomes. The overall estrus induction, ovulation and pregnancy rates were 81%, 93% and 26%, respectively. The ovarian cyclicity status at CIDR insertion affected the ovulation and pregnancy outcome. Additionally, the size of CL one week after AI had an influence on pregnancy outcome (P=0.03). In conclusion, the ovarian status at CIDR insertion and the CL size one week after AI, but not the duration of CIDR placement, influenced the success of CIDR-PGF2α protocol in treating anestrus in buffaloes during low breeding season.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Gokarna Gautam, Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

Gokarna Gautam*

ggautam@afu.edu.np

Bikalpa Karki, National Trust for Nature Conservation, Sauraha, Chitwan, Nepal

Bikalpa Karki

Bhuminand Devkota, Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

Bhuminand Devkota

ggautam@afu.edu.np

Anjay Kumar Sah, National Swine Research Program, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal

Anjay Kumar Sah
National Swine Research Program, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Pakhribas, Dhankuta, Nepal

References

Andurkar, S.B. and M.S. Kadu. 1995. Induction of oestrus and fertility with CIDR device and combination in non-cycling buffaloes. Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction, 16(2): 81-84. Available on: https://issar.net.in/pdf/IJAR-1995-16-2.pdf

Andurkar, S.B., S.R. Chinchkar and M.S. Kadu. 1997. Serum progesterone profile in buffaloes treated with CIDR-device and combinations. Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction, 18: 104-107.

Barile, V.L. 2005. Improving reproductive efficiency in female buffaloes. Livest. Prod. Sci., 92(3): 183-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.06.014

Baruselli, P.S., N.A.T. Carvalho, L.U. Gimenes and G.A. Crepaldi. 2007. Fixed-time artificial insemination in buffalo. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 6(2S): 107-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.107

Bó, G.A., P.S. Baruselli and M.F. Martı́nez. 2003. Pattern and manipulation of follicular development in Bos indicus cattle. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 78(3-4): 307-326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(03)00097-6

Colazo, M.G. and D.J. Ambrose. 2011. Neither duration of progesterone insert nor initial GnRH treatment affected pregnancy per timed-insemination in dairy heifers subjected to a Co-synch protocol. Theriogenology, 76(3): 578-588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.03.013

De Rensis, F. and F. Lopez-Gatius. 2007. Protocols for synchronizing estrus and ovulation in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A review. Theriogenology, 67(2): 209-216. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.09.039

Devkota, B., S. Shah and G. Gautam. 2022. Reproduction and fertility of buffaloes in Nepal. Animals, 13(1): 70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13010070

Ferguson, J.D., D.T. Galligan and N. Thomsen. 1994. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci., 77(9): 2695-2703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X

Gautam, G., H. Adhikari, B. Devkota and S. Singh. 2024b. Incorporation of CIDR into ovsynch protocol improved the reproductive performance of anestrous buffaloes during low breeding season. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., 12(6): 994-1001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2024/12.6.994.1001

Gautam, G., S. Adhikari and S. Shah. 2024c. Efficacy of omitting initial GnRH in once-used CIDR co-synch protocol for the treatment of anestrus in buffaloes during low breeding season. Buffalo Bull., 43(2): 255-267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2024.4325363

Gautam, G., S. Rokaya, B. Devkota and S. Sapkota. 2024a. Seasonality of reproduction in buffaloes in subtropical regions of southern Nepal. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., 12(5): 895-901. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2024/12.5.895.901

Giuseppe, C., N. Gianluca, D.P. Rossella, G. Bianca, P. Corrado, J.D. Michael and Z. Luigi. 2006. Relationship of body condition score and blood urea and ammonia to pregnancy in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes. Reprod. Nutr. Dev., 46(1): 57-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2005066

Gordon, I. 1999. Artificial control of oestrus and ovulation, p. 133-166. In I. Gordon (edn.) Controlled Reproduction in Cattle and Buffaloes. CAB Int. Publ., Wallingford, UK.

Kandel, S., G. Gautam, B. Devkota and S. Singh. 2024. Effectiveness of once used versus new CIDR in CIDR co-synch protocol for resuming reproductive function in anestrous buffaloes during low breeding season. Int. J. Vet. Sci., 13(5): 723-729. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47278/journal.ijvs/2024.160

MacMillan, K.L. and A.J. Peterson. 1993. A new intravaginal progesterone releasing device for cattle (CIDR-B) for oestrous synchronization increasing pregnancy rates and the treatment of post-partum anoestrus. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 33(1-4): 1-25. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(93)90104-Y

Malik, R.K. 2005. Studies on ovarian follicular dynamics during early postpartum period, anestrus condition and hormonal therapies for induction of estrus in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Doctoral dissertation, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, India.

Mann, G.E. and G.E. Lamming. 1999. The influence of progesterone during early pregnancy in cattle. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.1999.tb01250.x

Mapletoft, R.J. and G.A. Bó. 2018. Innovative strategies for superovulation in cattle. Animal Reproduction, 10(3): 174-179.

MoALD. 2022. Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2020/21. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. p. 3-4.

Murugavel, K., D. Antoine, M.S. Raju and F. López-Gatius. 2009. The effect of addition of equine chorionic gonadotropin to a progesterone-based estrous synchronization protocol in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) under tropical conditions. Theriogenology, 71(7): 1120-1126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.12.012

Naseer, Z., E. Ahmad, J. Singh and N. Ahmad. 2011. Fertility following CIDR based synchronization regimens in anoestrous Nili-Ravi buffaloes: CIDR based synchronization regimens in anestrous Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Reprod. Domest. Anim., 46(5): 814-817. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01746.x

Romano, J.E. and M.L. Fahning. 2013. Comparison between 7 vs 9 days of controlled internal drug release inserts permanency on oestrus performance and fertility in lactating dairy cattle. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 12(3): 390-394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2013.e63

Singh, C. 2003. Response of anestrus rural buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) to intravaginal progesterone implant and PGF2alpha injection in summer. J. Vet. Sci., 4(2): 137-141.

Stevenson, J.S., S.L. Pulley and H.I. Jr Mellieon. 2012. Prostaglandin F2α and gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration improve progesterone status, luteal number, and proportion of ovular and anovular dairy cows with corpora lutea before a timed artificial insemination program. J. Dairy. Sci., 95(4): 1831-1844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4767

Vecchio, D., P. Rossi, G. Neglia, V. Longobardi, A. Salzano, G. Bifulco and G. Campanile. 2013. Comparison of two synchronization protocols for timed artificial insemination in acyclic Italian Mediterranean buffalo cows out of the breeding season. Buffalo Bull., 32(Special Issue 2): 479-479. Available on: https://kukrdb.lib.ku.ac.th/journal/BuffaloBulletin/search_detail/result/286563

Vikash, M. Virmani, R.K. Malik and P. Singh. 2014. Impact of CIDR in combination with different hormones for treatment of anestrus in buffaloes under field conditions of Haryana. Haryana Vet., 53(1): 28-33. Available on: https://www.luvas.edu.in/haryana-veterinarian/download/harvet2014/6.pdf

Wathes, D.C., R.S. Robinson, G.E. Mann, and G.E. Lamming. 1998. The establishment of early pregnancy in cows. Reprod. Domest. Anim., 33: 279-284. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.1998.tb01358.x

Zaabel, S.M., A.O. Hegab, A.E. Montasser and H. El-Sheikh. 2009. Reproductive performance of anestrous buffaloes treated with CIDR. Anim. Reprod., 6(3): 460-464.

Zahid, N., A. Ejaz, U. Nemat, Y. Muhammad and A. Zeeshan. 2013. Treatment of anestrous Nili-Ravi buffaloes using eCG and CIDR protocols. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 2(3): 215-217. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2305-0500(13)60149-9

Zerbe, H., C. Gregory and E. Grunert. 1999. Zur Behandlung ovariell bedingter Zyklusstorungen beim Milchrind mit Progesteron-abgebenden Vorrichtungen. Tierarztl Umsch., 54: 189-192.

Zicarelli, L. 1997. Reproductive seasonality in buffalo, p. 29-52. In Proceedings of the 3rd course on Biotechnology of Reproduction in Buffaloes, Napoli, Italy.

Zicarelli, L. 2017. Influence of seasonality on buffalo production, p. 196-224. In The Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)-Production and Research, Bentham Science Publishers, Sharjah, UAE.