Influence of hot-dry and hot-humid conditions on hematological and biochemical profile of Surti buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) under different cooling system

Abstract

Present study was conducted on twenty four Surti buffaloes in their mid lactation to study the change in heamato-biochemical profile under different cooling system in hot-dry and hot-humid conditions.These animals were divided randomly into four groups based on body cooling systems provided i.e., without body cooling system (control, T1 ), fogging (T2 ), showering (T3 ), and wallowing (T4 ). Study was conducted in two phases with hotdry (April-May, 2012) and hot-humid (June-July, 2012) climate. Overall result of treatments showed that the afternoon percent THI was significantly (P<0.05) lower under showering (T3 -80.65±0.17) than other treatments (T1 -83.31±0.17, T2 -81.94±0.15 and T4 -83.31±0.17).Overall results showed that the mean value of Hb in gm % (T1 -10.18±0.05 Vs. T2 - 10.87±0.08, T3 - 11.54±0.05 and T4 -11.53±0.05), RBC count in million/mm3 (T1 -6.54±0.04 Vs. T2 - 6.99±0.04, T3 -7.19±0.04 and T4 -7.08±0.04) and WBC count in cells/μl (T1 -15.56±0.08 Vs. T2 - 16.62±0.08, T3 -16.74±0.07 and T4 -16.83±0.08) of Surti buffaloes was significantly lower in control group (T1 ) than cooling treatments (T2 , T3 and T4 ). The mean value of PCV (%) during hot-humid condition was significantly (P<0.05) higher as compared to hot-dry condition in their respective treatments. Overall mean value of blood glucose in mg/dl (T1 -61.48±0.55, T2 -65.26±0.76, T3 - 71.99±0.74 and T4 -67.42±0 .65), total protein in gm/dl (T1 -7.74±0.05, T2 -8.08±0.07, T3 -8.15±0.09 and T4 -8.44±0.07), BUN in mg/dl (T1 -33.64±0.35, T2 -35.23±0.41, T3 -35.56±0.45 and T4 -35.02±0.35), total cholesterol in mg/dl (T1 -57.49±0.82, T2 - 71.26±1.25, T3 -82.64±1.16 and T4 -89.26±1.14) and triglyceride in mg/dl (T1 -31.76±0.68, T2 - 34.02±0.65, T3 -35.80±0.66 and T4 -34.44±0.67) was significantly (P<0.05) lower in control (T1 ) than cooling groups (T2 , T3 and T4 ).However, total protein in g/dl did not differed significantly between T1 and T2 . Overall albumin concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher under control (T1 - 3.99±0.04) than cooling systems (T2 -3.38±0.05, T3 -2.96±0.06 and T4 -3.13±0.07). No definite trend was observed for various blood metabolites between hot-dry and hot-humid conditions.