Heat stress responses to increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Murrah buffalo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2022.4112316Keywords:
Bubalus bubalis, buffaloes, heat stress, milk production, THIAbstract
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing temperature humidity index (THI) on lactating Murrah buffalo. The study was conducted on six lactating buffaloes which were offered the same basal diet and were blocked by days in milk, milk yield and parity. The study was conducted during May, June and July with average THI of 79.88, 80.57 and 85.36, respectively. Milk yield was recorded twice a day at 06:00 and 18:00 h and physiological parameters were recorded and blood was sampled on 30th day of each month at 14:30 h. The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in milk yield in buffaloes only at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. The rectal temperature (RT) did not change (P=0.580) with increasing THI up to 85.36, however, the respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) changed (P<0.05) progressively with increasing THI. Leucocytopnoea, lymphocytopnoea and neutrophilia; and alteration in serum urea, alkaline phosphatase activity, reactive oxygen species and phosphorus concentration were observed only at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. Similarly, significant (P<0.05) alteration in serum T4, cortisol and prolactin levels were observed at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. It can be concluded that lactating buffaloes experienced mild heat stress up to a THI of 80.57 (May and June) and a moderate type of heat stress at a THI 85.36 (July).
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References
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Bouraoui, R., M. Lahmar, A. Majdoub, M. Djemali and R. Belyea. 2002. The relationship of temperature-humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate. Anim. Res., 51(6): 479-491. DOI: 10.1051/animres:2002036
Brambilla, G., M. Fiori and L.I. Archetti. 2001. Evaluation of the oxidative stress in growing pigs by microplate assays. J. Vet. Med. A., 48(1): 33-38. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00333.x
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Das, S.K., R.C. Upadhyay and M.L. Madan. 1999. Heat stress in Murrah buffalo calves. Livest. Prod. Sci., 61(1): 71-78. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00040-8
Dhabhar, F.S. 2002. A hassle a day may keep the doctor away: stress and the augmentation of immune function. Integr. Comp. Biol., 42(3): 556-564. DOI: 10.1093/icb/42.3.556
Habeeb, A.A.M., F.I.T. Fatma and S.F. Osman. 2007. Detection of heat adaptability using heat shock proteins and some hormones in Egyptian buffalo calves. Egyptian Journal of Applied Sciences, 22(2A): 28-53.
Khongdee, T., S. Sripoon and C. Vajrabukka. 2011. The effects of high temperature and wallow on physiological responses of swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during winter season in Thailand. J. Therm. Biol., 36(7): 417-421. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.07.006
Kohli, S., U.K. Atheya, and A. Thapliyal. 2014. Assessment of optimum thermal humidity index for crossbred dairy cows in Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, India. Vet. World, 7(11): 916-921. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.916-921
Kumar, A., G. Singh, B.V. Kumar and S.K. Meur. 2011. Modulation of antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte by dietary supplementation during heat stress in buffaloes. Livest. Sci., 138(1-3): 299-303. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.12.021
Kumar, J., B. Yadav, A.K. Madan, M. Kumar, R. Sirohi and A.V. Reddy. 2020. Dynamics of heat-shock proteins, metabolic and endocrine responses during increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Hariana (Zebu) cattle. Biol. Rhythm Res., 51(6): 934-950. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1566986
Kumar, B.V.S., G. Singh and S.K. Meur. 2010. Effects of addition of electrolyte and ascorbic acid in feed during heat stress in buffaloes. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 23(7): 880-888. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90053
Lacetera, N., U. Bernabucci, B. Ronchi and A. Nardone. 1996. Body condition score, metabolic status and milk production of early lactating dairy cows exposed to warm environment. Riv. Agr. Subtrop. Trop., 90: 43-55.
Mader, T.L., M.S. Davis and T. Brown-Brandl. 2006. Environmental factors influencing heat stress in feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 84(3): 712-719. DOI: 10.2527/2006.843712x
Madesh, M. and K.A. Balasubramanian. 1998. Microtiter plate assay for superoxide dismutase using MTT reduction by superoxide. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 35(3): 184-188.
Marai, I.F.M. and A.A.M. Haeeb. 2010. Buffalo’s biological functions as affected by heat stress-A review. Livest. Sci., 127(2-3): 89-109. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.08.001
Parmar, M.S., A.K. Madan, S.K. Rastogi and R. Huozha. 2013. Comparative study of seasonal variations on hematological profile in Sahiwal cows (Bos indicus) and Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). J. Anim. Res., 3(2): 167-171. Available on: https://ndpublisher.in/admin/issues/JARV3N2i.pdf
Pereira, A.M.F., F.J. Baccari, E.A.L. Titto and J.A.A. Almeida. 2008. Effect of thermal stress on physiological parameters, feed intake and plasma thyroid hormones concentration in Alentejana, Mertolenga, Frisian and Limousine. Int. J. Biometeorol., 52(3): 199-208.
Purwanto, B.P., Y. Abo, R. Sakamoto, F. Furumoto and S. Yamamoto. 1990. Diurnal patterns of heat production and heart rate under thermoneutral conditions in Holstein Friesian cows differing in milk production. J. Agric. Sci., 114(2): 139-142. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600072117
Rahal, A., A. Kumar, V. Singh, B. Yadav, R. Tiwari, S. Chakraborty and K. Dhama. 2014. Oxidative stress, prooxidants, and antioxidants: The interplay. Biomed Res. Int., DOI: 10.1155/2014/761264
Rahangdale, P.B., D.R. Ambulkar and R.D. Somnathe. 2011. Influence of summer managemental practices on physiological responses and temperament in murrah buffaloes. Buffalo Bull., 30(2): 139-147. Available on: https://kukrdb.lib.ku.ac.th/journal/BuffaloBulletin/search_detail/result/286334
Roy, K.S. and B. Prakash. 2007. Seasonal variation and circadian rhythmicity of the prolactin profile during the summer months in repeat-breeding Murrah buffalo heifers. Reprod. Fert. Develop., 19(4): 569-575. DOI: 10.1071/rd06093
Silva, J.A., R.D. Araújo, A.A.D. Júnior, L. de Brito, N.D.F.A.D. Santos, R.B. Viana, A.R. Garcia, D. Rondina and M.M. Grise. 2014. Hormonal changes in female buffaloes under shading in tropical climate of Eastern Amazon. Rev. Bras. Zootecn., 43(1): 44-48. DOI: 10.13140/2.1.1507.3920
Singh, S.P., O.K. Hooda and P. Kumar. 2011. Effect of yeast supplementation on feed intake and thermal stress mitigation in buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 81(9): 961-964.
Singh, S.P., O.K. Hooda, S.S. Kundu and S. Singh. 2012. Biochemical changes in heat exposed buffalo heifers supplemented with yeast. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 44(7): 1383-1387. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0075-7
Upadhyay, R.C., S.V. Singh, A. Kumar, S.K. Gupta and A. Ashutosh. 2010. Impact of climate change on milk production of Murrah buffaloes. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 6(2): 1329-1332. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.1329
Wankar, A.K., G. Singh and B. Yadav. 2014. Thermoregulatory and adaptive responses of adult buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during hyperthermia: Physiological, behavioral, and metabolic approach. Vet. World, 7(10): 825-830. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.825-830
Yadav, B. and J.P. Korde. 2011. Effect of hyperthermia on antioxidative status of a primary hepatocyte culture. J. Adv. Vet. Res., 1(2): 69-73.
Yadav, B., G. Singh, A.K. Verma, N. Dutta and V. Sejian. 2013. Impact of heat stress on rumen functions. Vet. World, 6(12): 992-996. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2013.992-996
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A. Wankar. 2015. Adaptive capability as indicated by redox status and endocrine responses in crossbred cattle exposed to thermal stresses. J. Anim. Res., 5(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.5958/2277-940X.2015.00011.X
Yadav, B., G. Singh, A.K. Wankar, N. Dutta, V.B. Chaturvedi and M.R. Verma. 2016. Effect of simulated heat stress on digestibility, methane emission and metabolic adaptability in crossbred cattle. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 29(11): 1585-1592.
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A.K. Wankar. 2017. The use of infrared skin temperature measurements for monitoring heat stress and welfare of crossbred cattle. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 70(1): 1-5.
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A. Wanker. 2021b. Acclimatization dynamics to extreme heat stress in crossbred cattle. Biol. Rhythm Res., 52(4): 524-534. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1610627
Yadav, P., B. Yadav, D.K. Swain, M. Anand, S. Yadav and A.K. Madan. 2021a. Differential expression of miRNAs and related mRNAs during heat stress in buffalo heifers. J. Therm. Biol., 97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102904
Ahmad, M., J.A. Bhatti, M. Abdullah, K. Javed, M. Ali, G. Rashid, R. Uddin, A.H. Badini and M. Jehan. 2018. Effect of ambient management interventions on the production and physiological performance of lactating Sahiwal cattle during hot dry summer. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 50(6): 1249-1254. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1551-5
Akyuz, A., S. Boyaci and A. Cayli. 2010. Determination of critical period for dairy cows using temperature humidity index. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 9(13): 1824-1827. DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.1824.1827
Bouraoui, R., M. Lahmar, A. Majdoub, M. Djemali and R. Belyea. 2002. The relationship of temperature-humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate. Anim. Res., 51(6): 479-491. DOI: 10.1051/animres:2002036
Brambilla, G., M. Fiori and L.I. Archetti. 2001. Evaluation of the oxidative stress in growing pigs by microplate assays. J. Vet. Med. A., 48(1): 33-38. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00333.x
Das, K.S., J. Singh, G. Singh, R. Upadhyay, R. Malik and P. Oberoi. 2014. Heat stress alleviation in lactating buffaloes: Effect on physiological response, metabolic hormone, milk production and composition. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 84(3): 275-280. Available on: http://www.nicra-icar.in/nicrarevised/images/publications/Research_art/Ani11_Heat%20Stress%20Alleviation.pdf
Das, S.K., R.C. Upadhyay and M.L. Madan. 1999. Heat stress in Murrah buffalo calves. Livest. Prod. Sci., 61(1): 71-78. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00040-8
Dhabhar, F.S. 2002. A hassle a day may keep the doctor away: stress and the augmentation of immune function. Integr. Comp. Biol., 42(3): 556-564. DOI: 10.1093/icb/42.3.556
Habeeb, A.A.M., F.I.T. Fatma and S.F. Osman. 2007. Detection of heat adaptability using heat shock proteins and some hormones in Egyptian buffalo calves. Egyptian Journal of Applied Sciences, 22(2A): 28-53.
Khongdee, T., S. Sripoon and C. Vajrabukka. 2011. The effects of high temperature and wallow on physiological responses of swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during winter season in Thailand. J. Therm. Biol., 36(7): 417-421. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.07.006
Kohli, S., U.K. Atheya, and A. Thapliyal. 2014. Assessment of optimum thermal humidity index for crossbred dairy cows in Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, India. Vet. World, 7(11): 916-921. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.916-921
Kumar, A., G. Singh, B.V. Kumar and S.K. Meur. 2011. Modulation of antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte by dietary supplementation during heat stress in buffaloes. Livest. Sci., 138(1-3): 299-303. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.12.021
Kumar, J., B. Yadav, A.K. Madan, M. Kumar, R. Sirohi and A.V. Reddy. 2020. Dynamics of heat-shock proteins, metabolic and endocrine responses during increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Hariana (Zebu) cattle. Biol. Rhythm Res., 51(6): 934-950. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1566986
Kumar, B.V.S., G. Singh and S.K. Meur. 2010. Effects of addition of electrolyte and ascorbic acid in feed during heat stress in buffaloes. Asian Austral. J. Anim., 23(7): 880-888. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90053
Lacetera, N., U. Bernabucci, B. Ronchi and A. Nardone. 1996. Body condition score, metabolic status and milk production of early lactating dairy cows exposed to warm environment. Riv. Agr. Subtrop. Trop., 90: 43-55.
Mader, T.L., M.S. Davis and T. Brown-Brandl. 2006. Environmental factors influencing heat stress in feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 84(3): 712-719. DOI: 10.2527/2006.843712x
Madesh, M. and K.A. Balasubramanian. 1998. Microtiter plate assay for superoxide dismutase using MTT reduction by superoxide. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 35(3): 184-188.
Marai, I.F.M. and A.A.M. Haeeb. 2010. Buffalo’s biological functions as affected by heat stress-A review. Livest. Sci., 127(2-3): 89-109. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.08.001
Parmar, M.S., A.K. Madan, S.K. Rastogi and R. Huozha. 2013. Comparative study of seasonal variations on hematological profile in Sahiwal cows (Bos indicus) and Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). J. Anim. Res., 3(2): 167-171. Available on: https://ndpublisher.in/admin/issues/JARV3N2i.pdf
Pereira, A.M.F., F.J. Baccari, E.A.L. Titto and J.A.A. Almeida. 2008. Effect of thermal stress on physiological parameters, feed intake and plasma thyroid hormones concentration in Alentejana, Mertolenga, Frisian and Limousine. Int. J. Biometeorol., 52(3): 199-208.
Purwanto, B.P., Y. Abo, R. Sakamoto, F. Furumoto and S. Yamamoto. 1990. Diurnal patterns of heat production and heart rate under thermoneutral conditions in Holstein Friesian cows differing in milk production. J. Agric. Sci., 114(2): 139-142. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600072117
Rahal, A., A. Kumar, V. Singh, B. Yadav, R. Tiwari, S. Chakraborty and K. Dhama. 2014. Oxidative stress, prooxidants, and antioxidants: The interplay. Biomed Res. Int., DOI: 10.1155/2014/761264
Rahangdale, P.B., D.R. Ambulkar and R.D. Somnathe. 2011. Influence of summer managemental practices on physiological responses and temperament in murrah buffaloes. Buffalo Bull., 30(2): 139-147. Available on: https://kukrdb.lib.ku.ac.th/journal/BuffaloBulletin/search_detail/result/286334
Roy, K.S. and B. Prakash. 2007. Seasonal variation and circadian rhythmicity of the prolactin profile during the summer months in repeat-breeding Murrah buffalo heifers. Reprod. Fert. Develop., 19(4): 569-575. DOI: 10.1071/rd06093
Silva, J.A., R.D. Araújo, A.A.D. Júnior, L. de Brito, N.D.F.A.D. Santos, R.B. Viana, A.R. Garcia, D. Rondina and M.M. Grise. 2014. Hormonal changes in female buffaloes under shading in tropical climate of Eastern Amazon. Rev. Bras. Zootecn., 43(1): 44-48. DOI: 10.13140/2.1.1507.3920
Singh, S.P., O.K. Hooda and P. Kumar. 2011. Effect of yeast supplementation on feed intake and thermal stress mitigation in buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 81(9): 961-964.
Singh, S.P., O.K. Hooda, S.S. Kundu and S. Singh. 2012. Biochemical changes in heat exposed buffalo heifers supplemented with yeast. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 44(7): 1383-1387. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0075-7
Upadhyay, R.C., S.V. Singh, A. Kumar, S.K. Gupta and A. Ashutosh. 2010. Impact of climate change on milk production of Murrah buffaloes. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 6(2): 1329-1332. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.1329
Wankar, A.K., G. Singh and B. Yadav. 2014. Thermoregulatory and adaptive responses of adult buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during hyperthermia: Physiological, behavioral, and metabolic approach. Vet. World, 7(10): 825-830. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.825-830
Yadav, B. and J.P. Korde. 2011. Effect of hyperthermia on antioxidative status of a primary hepatocyte culture. J. Adv. Vet. Res., 1(2): 69-73.
Yadav, B., G. Singh, A.K. Verma, N. Dutta and V. Sejian. 2013. Impact of heat stress on rumen functions. Vet. World, 6(12): 992-996. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2013.992-996
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A. Wankar. 2015. Adaptive capability as indicated by redox status and endocrine responses in crossbred cattle exposed to thermal stresses. J. Anim. Res., 5(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.5958/2277-940X.2015.00011.X
Yadav, B., G. Singh, A.K. Wankar, N. Dutta, V.B. Chaturvedi and M.R. Verma. 2016. Effect of simulated heat stress on digestibility, methane emission and metabolic adaptability in crossbred cattle. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 29(11): 1585-1592.
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A.K. Wankar. 2017. The use of infrared skin temperature measurements for monitoring heat stress and welfare of crossbred cattle. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 70(1): 1-5.
Yadav, B., G. Singh and A. Wanker. 2021b. Acclimatization dynamics to extreme heat stress in crossbred cattle. Biol. Rhythm Res., 52(4): 524-534. DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1610627
Yadav, P., B. Yadav, D.K. Swain, M. Anand, S. Yadav and A.K. Madan. 2021a. Differential expression of miRNAs and related mRNAs during heat stress in buffalo heifers. J. Therm. Biol., 97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102904
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Published
2022-03-29
How to Cite
Yadav, B., Yadav, S., Madan, A. K., Anand, M., Swain, D. K., Pandey, V., & Sirohi, R. (2022). Heat stress responses to increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Murrah buffalo. Buffalo Bulletin, 41(1), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2022.4112316
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