ผลของสารสกัดโปรตีนไหม (sericin) ต่อคุณภาพของน้ำเชื้อช้างเอเชีย (Elephas maximus) แช่แข็งภายหลังการอุ่นละลาย Effect of Sericin Supplementation on Post-Thawed Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Semen Quality
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Abstract
The development of optimal components for cryopreservation medium is critical for breeding management and genetic diversity preservation in endangered species like the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Sericin, a silk protein, has emerged as a novel cryoprotectant due to its antioxidative, membrane-stabilizing, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study evaluated the influence of sericin supplementation as a cryoprotectant on post-thaw Asian elephant sperm quality. Ten ejaculates were collected, diluted in a TEST with 20% egg yolk and 5% glycerol extender accompanied with varying sericin concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%), cryopreserved, and evaluated to determine post-thawed motility, viability, structural stability of the membrane and DNA, and motility parameters. The statistical analysis indicated notable enhancements in straightness and viability with 1.5% and 1% sericin, respectively, in comparison to the control group with p-value < 0.05. Based on previous findings in sericin studies involving different species, this investigation confirms that the inclusion of 1-1.5% sericin in freezing solutions improves specific parameters such as velocity, straightness, and viability of post-thaw Asian elephant sperm. Further research should clarify the exact mechanisms between semen-specific improvements and fertilizing ability according to the sericin supplementation in semen extender.
บทคัดย่อ
การพัฒนาองค์ประกอบสารละลายเพื่อการรักษาสภาพในระหว่างการแช่แข็งยังคงมีความจำเป็นต่อการจัดการความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมในสัตว์ที่อยู่ในภาวะใกล้สูญพันธุ์ อาทิเช่น ช้างเอเชีย (Elephas maximus) โดยจากการศึกษาในสปีชีส์อื่นก่อนหน้านี้ เซริซิน (sericin) ให้ผลการทดลองในการคงคุณภาพน้ำเชื้อภายหลังผ่านกระบวนการแช่แข็งผ่านกลไกการต่อต้านอนุมูลอิสระ (antioxidative), คงสภาพเยื่อหุ้มเซลล์ของสเปิร์ม (membrane-stabilizing), และลดการถูกทำลายของเซลล์ (anti-apoptotic) ดังนั้น การศึกษาครั้งนี้จึงจัดทำขึ้นเพื่อวิเคราะห์ประสิทธิภาพของเซริซินที่ความเข้มข้นต่างๆ (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) ในการคงสภาพตัวอย่างน้ำเชื้อช้างเอเชีย 10 ตัวอย่าง จากช้าง 7 เชือก ระหว่างการเก็บรักษาด้วยการแช่แข็งร่วมกับสารละลายมาตรฐานสูตร TEST 20% egg-yolk และ 5% glycerol โดยตรวจประเมินคุณภาพการเคลื่อนที่, สเปิร์มที่มีชีวิต (viability), ความสมบูรณ์ของอะโครโซม (acrosome), ความสมบูรณ์ของ DNA, และความสมบูรณ์ของเยื่อหุุ้มเซลล์ (plasma membrane) หลังผ่านการวิเคราะห์ทางสถิติพบความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญที่ความตรงของการเคลื่อนที่ (straightness) และร้อยละของสเปิร์มที่มีชีวิต ที่ความเข้มข้นของเซริซิน 1.5% และ 1% ตามลำดับ เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับการทดลองในสปีชีส์อื่นๆจึงสนับสนุนได้ว่าเซริซินที่ความเข้มข้น 1% และ 1.5% สามารถช่วยคงคุณภาพน้ำเชื้อในกระบวนการแช่แข็งได้ อย่างไรก็ตามแม้มีการคาดการณ์กลไกการทำงานของเซริซินในทางชีวเคมี แต่ยังคงมีความจำเป็นในการศึกษาเพื่อระบุการทำงานที่ชัดเจนของเซริซินต่อไป
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