Non-Tariff Measures for Cassava Products under the Cross-Border Value Chain between Thailand and CLMV Countries

Abstract

          This article aims to study the production, import-export situation, as well as to study and analyze non-tariff measures of cassava products within the value chain between Thailand and the CLMV countries (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam). Data were gathered from relevant agencies and interviews with representatives from The Thai Tapioca Products Factory Association. The study encompasses six key cassava products along the HS code, spanning from raw materials to processed products. There's interconnectivity within the cross-border value chain, particularly in raw materials and initial processing (cassava roots, cassava chips, and cassava pellets). Thailand and Vietnam primarily import cassava from Cambodia and Laos for continuous industrial processing and export. China serves as the primary destination for these exports. Vietnam is a significant competitor to Thailand in the cassava trade among countries. Regarding non-tariff measures, most cassava products fall under the categories of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures. Vietnam implements the highest average number of non-tariff measures, followed by Thailand. Analyzing non-tariff measures for the import of cassava roots, cassava chips, and cassava pellets, important products in the cross-border value chain, Thailand shows an increasing trend compared to Vietnam's decreasing trend. Thailand also faces challenges in importing low-quality cassava from CLMV countries and stricter measures from non-CLMV destination countries. Therefore, to establish Thailand as a center for high-value-added cassava processing, adjustments should be made by reducing unnecessary non-tariff measures and focusing on improving production quality. Collaboration with CLMV countries to develop a comprehensive industry is recommended. Additionally, exploring additional export markets beyond China is essential to reduce reliance on the Chinese market.