The journal of Applied Economics and Management Strategy serves as a central hub for knowledge exchange in the field of economics, management strategy, and related disciplines. It aims to disseminate academic works and research findings from faculty, students, and researchers across various educational institutions, including both public and private sectors. All articles published in this journal undergo a rigorous peer-review process. The opinions and thoughts expressed in the articles are those of the respective authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and responsibilities of the editorial board.